The fall and dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire was accelerated by French intervention in the Empire in September 1805. Thus no Imperial institutions were involved in its government. Hungary's affairs remained administered by its own institutions (King and Diet) as they had been beforehand. This was especially demonstrated by the status of the Kingdom of Hungary, a country that had never been a part of the Holy Roman Empire and which had always been considered a separate realm-a status that was affirmed by Article X, which was added to Hungary's constitution in 1790 during the phase of the composite monarchy and described the state as a Regnum Independens. Apart from now being included in a new " Kaiserthum", the workings of the overarching structure and the status of its component lands at first stayed much the same as they had been under the composite monarchy that existed before the establishment of the Empire. To safeguard his dynasty's imperial status he adopted the additional hereditary title of Emperor of Austria. He did so because he foresaw either the end of the Holy Roman Empire, or the eventual accession as Holy Roman Emperor of Napoleon, who had earlier that year adopted the title of an Emperor of the French Francis II eventually abandoned the title of German-Roman Emperor later in 1806. In doing so he created a formal overarching structure for the Habsburg Monarchy, which had functioned as a composite monarchy for about three hundred years. In 1804, the Holy Roman Emperor Francis II, who was also ruler of the lands of the Habsburg monarchy, founded the Empire of Austria, in which all his lands were included. Taking this significant change into consideration, the Holy Roman Emperor Francis II created the title Emperor of Austria, for himself and his successors. This measure was aimed at replacing the old constitution of the Holy Roman Empire, but the actual consequence of the Imperial Recess was the end of the empire. On 24 March 1803, the Imperial Recess (German: Reichsdeputationshauptschluss) was declared, which reduced the number of ecclesiastical states from 81 to only 3 and the free imperial cities from 51 to 6. See also: Imperial and Royal Army during the Napoleonic WarsĬhanges shaping the nature of the Holy Roman Empire took place during conferences in Rastatt (1797–1799) and Regensburg (1801–1803). After Austria was defeated in the Austro-Prussian War of 1866, the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 was adopted, joining the Kingdom of Hungary and the Empire of Austria to form Austria-Hungary. The Kingdom of Hungary-as Regnum Independens-was administered by its own institutions separately from the rest of the empire. Austria emerged victorious in the war, and became a leading member of the German Confederation along with Prussia after the Congress of Vienna. It continued fighting against Napoleon throughout the Napoleonic Wars, except for a period between 18, when Austria was first allied with Napoleon during the invasion of Russia and later neutral during the first few weeks of the Sixth Coalition War. It remained part of the Holy Roman Empire until the latter's dissolution in 1806. The empire was proclaimed by Francis II in 1804 in response to Napoleon's declaration of the First French Empire, unifying all Habsburg possessions under one central government. Geographically, it was the third-largest empire in Europe after the Russian Empire and the First French Empire. Along with Prussia, it was one of the two major powers of the German Confederation. During its existence, it was the third most populous monarchy in Europe after the Russian Empire and the United Kingdom. The Austrian Empire (German: Kaiserthum Oesterreich, modern spelling Kaisertum Österreich, pronounced ( listen)), officially known as the Empire of Austria, was a multinational European great power from 1804 to 1867, created by proclamation out of the realms of the Habsburgs.
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